Governance of science and the University model in the knowledge society of the 20th century

Abstract

The knowledge society has emerged towards the end of the 20th century as a way of conceptualizing the relations between science and society. Since then it has become a form of understanding for the design of public policies in science and technology. In this article we propose to characterize those processes that have articulated the new forms of knowledge production consolidated in a scientific capitalism that promoted the governance of science under the paradigm of the knowledge economy, redefining the meaning of the public and the private.
These transformations have been imposed on the universities from the introduction of a third institutional mission that focused on entrepreneurial work based on the neoliberal conception of human capital.
Here we postulate that the expansion of this development model configured a globalized matrix in the 21st century, leveraged by deterritorialized institutions such as UNESCO and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) with the purpose of promoting a globalized vision about the relationship between science, technology and social development. From what relationships of academic and epistemic dependency were reinforced in peripheral countries of Latin America.